![]() ![]() A collection of this kind of system comprises an ensemble called a canonical ensemble. Initially, let us assume that a thermodynamically large system is in thermal contact with the environment, with a temperature T, and both the volume of the system and the number of constituent particles are fixed. ![]() The partition function has many physical meanings, as discussed in Meaning and significance.Ĭanonical partition function Definition Other types of partition functions can be defined for different circumstances see partition function (mathematics) for generalizations. The grand canonical partition function applies to a grand canonical ensemble, in which the system can exchange both heat and particles with the environment, at fixed temperature, volume, and chemical potential. The canonical partition function applies to a canonical ensemble, in which the system is allowed to exchange heat with the environment at fixed temperature, volume, and number of particles. The most common statistical ensembles have named partition functions. The partition function is dimensionless.Įach partition function is constructed to represent a particular statistical ensemble (which, in turn, corresponds to a particular free energy). Most of the aggregate thermodynamic variables of the system, such as the total energy, free energy, entropy, and pressure, can be expressed in terms of the partition function or its derivatives. Partition functions are functions of the thermodynamic state variables, such as the temperature and volume. In physics, a partition function describes the statistical properties of a system in thermodynamic equilibrium. ![]()
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